UKTV - Inquisition (2014) Part 3 The Templars and Cathars


UKTV - Inquisition (2014) Part 3 The Templars and Cathars

INQUISITION.They said a man was guilty. He had to prove he was not. Or die.

“A prisoner in the inquisition is never allowed to see the face of his accuser or of the witnesses against him. But they are threatened and tortured until he accuses himself. By that means they corroborate their evidence. ” – John Foxe, Book Of Martyrs –

This is a saga of nearly five hundred years of bigotry, fear, persecution, torture and death. In more enlightened times, it is almost impossible for us to understand the power and influence of religion in years gone by. It was the cornerstone of every life. It touched almost every aspect of everyday existence. Next to the royalty, the clergy were the most powerful people in the land. To deny them was folly. To deny their God meant almost certain death. In those long gone days, a Heretic was considered to be an agent of the devil. He was to be hunted down and punished. It was the Inquisition that did the hunting and the punishing. If the Inquisition accused a man of heresy, he was presumed to be guilty. It was for him to prove he was innocent. Every possible method was employed to extract a confession. The eyes and the ears of the Inquisition were everywhere. This documentary series tells the story of the bloody and menacing work of the Inquisition, established to combat heresy within the Catholic Church. As the series sheds new light on a dark and bloody chapter of British and European history, we'll hear tales that chill the blood; watch in horror as the flames lick around the Marian martyrs and other men of high religion and unshakable beliefs; see ordinary innocent people fall victim to religious fanatics and psychopaths. Throughout the centuries, people have been persecuted, hounded, brutalised and punished simply because of their beliefs – and it's still going on today. This hard-hitting, powerful series features specially filmed recreations and reconstructions to tell the dramatic stories of how men and women have died for something in which they believe. From the Templars and Cathars, to the bloody Torquemada and the Marian 'heretics', we hear stories of incredible courage, raw savagery and brutal torture that go back almost a thousand years. From the persecution of religions and faiths to the hunt for the mysterious Cathars and Knights Templar, through to the torture and execution of witches, mystics and healers these programmes chronicle bad deeds done in the name of faith.

forums.mvgroup.org_release.images_docfreak08_3.478x7.jpg Part 3 The Templars and Cathars

It's not clear if the process against the Templars was initiated by the Inquisition on the basis of suspected heresy or if the Inquisition itself was exploited by the king of France, Philip the Fair, who wanted the knights' wealth. But in 1307 the King ordered the arrest of all Knights Templar across Europe and the seizure of all their assets. The Templars had simply become too powerful, too rich and too much of a threat to the crown. Some fled to South West France, some to Italy and some to Scotland, and units of the King's army were dispatched to hunt them down and kill them if necessary. Like the Templars, the Cathars were mostly in the South of France, in cities like Toulouse. The Cathars main heresy was their belief in dualism the evil God created the materialistic world and the good God created the spiritual world. Therefore, Cathars preached poverty, chastity, modesty and all those values which in their view helped people to detach themselves from materialism. To the Church in Rome, this was simply not acceptable.

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Snippet from Wikipedia: Inquisition

The Inquisition was a Catholic judicial procedure where the ecclesiastical judges could initiate, investigate and try cases in their jurisdiction. Popularly it became the name for various medieval and reformation-era state-organized tribunals whose aim was to combat heresy, apostasy, blasphemy, witchcraft, and customs considered to be deviant, using this procedure. Violence, isolation, torture or the threat of its application, have been used by the Inquisition to extract confessions and denunciations. Studies of the records have found that the overwhelming majority of sentences consisted of penances, but convictions of unrepentant heresy were handed over to the secular courts for the application of local law, which generally resulted in execution or life imprisonment.

Inquisitions with the aim of combatting religious sedition (e.g. apostasy or heresy) had their start in the 12th-century Kingdom of France, particularly among the Cathars and the Waldensians. The inquisitorial courts from this time until the mid-15th century are together known as the Medieval Inquisition. Other banned groups investigated by medieval inquisitions, which primarily took place in France and Italy, include the Spiritual Franciscans, the Hussites, and the Beguines. Beginning in the 1250s, inquisitors were generally chosen from members of the Dominican Order, replacing the earlier practice of using local clergy as judges.

Inquisitions also expanded to other European countries, resulting in the Spanish Inquisition and the Portuguese Inquisition.

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Snippet from Wikipedia: Spanish Inquisition

The Tribunal of the Holy Office of the Inquisition (Spanish: Tribunal del Santo Oficio de la Inquisición) was established in 1478 by the Catholic Monarchs, King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile and lasted until 1834. It began toward the end of the Reconquista and aimed to maintain Catholic orthodoxy in their kingdoms and replace the Medieval Inquisition, which was under papal control. Along with the Roman Inquisition and the Portuguese Inquisition, it became the most substantive of the three different manifestations of the wider Catholic Inquisition.

The Inquisition was originally intended primarily to identify heretics among those who converted from Judaism and Islam to Catholicism. The regulation of the faith of newly converted Catholics was intensified following royal decrees issued in 1492 and 1502 ordering Jews and Muslims to convert to Catholicism or leave Castile, or face death, resulting in hundreds of thousands of forced conversions, torture and executions, the persecution of conversos and moriscos, and the mass expulsions of Jews and Muslims from Spain. The inquisition expanded to other domains under the Spanish Crown, including Southern Italy and the Americas, while also targeting those accused of alumbradismo, Protestantism, witchcraft, blasphemy, bigamy, sodomy, Freemasonry, etc.

A key feature of the Spanish Inquisition was the auto-da-fe, a public ceremony devised to reinforce the Church's power and the monarchy's control, where the accused were paraded, sentences read and confessions made, after which the guilty were turned over to civil authorities for the execution of sentences. According to some modern estimates, around 150,000 people were prosecuted for various offences during the three-century duration of the Spanish Inquisition, of whom between 3,000 and 5,000 were executed, mostly by burning at the stake. Other punishments ranged from penance to public flogging, exile from place of residence, serving as galley-slaves, and prison terms from years to life, together with the confiscation of all property in most cases.

An estimated 40,000 - 100,000 Jews were expelled in 1492.

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Snippet from Wikipedia: Knights Templar

The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon, mainly known as the Knights Templar, was a military order of the Catholic faith, and one of the most important military orders in Western Christianity. They were founded in 1118 to defend pilgrims on their way to Jerusalem, with their headquarters located there on the Temple Mount, and existed for nearly two centuries during the Middle Ages.

Officially endorsed by the Catholic Church by such decrees as the papal bull Omne datum optimum of Pope Innocent II, the Templars became a favoured charity throughout Christendom and grew rapidly in membership and power. The Templar knights, in their distinctive white mantles with a red cross, were among the most skilled fighting units of the Crusades. They were prominent in Christian finance; non-combatant members of the order, who made up as much as 90% of their members, managed a large economic infrastructure throughout Christendom. They developed innovative financial techniques that were an early form of banking, building a network of nearly 1,000 commanderies and fortifications across Europe and the Holy Land.

The Templars were closely tied to the Crusades. As they became unable to secure their holdings in the Holy Land, support for the order faded. In 1307, King Philip IV of France had many of the order's members in France arrested, tortured into giving false confessions, and then burned at the stake. Under pressure, Pope Clement V disbanded the order in 1312.

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Snippet from Wikipedia: Catharism

Catharism ( KATH-ər-iz-əm; from the Ancient Greek: καθαροί, romanized: katharoí, "the pure ones") was a Christian quasi-dualist and pseudo-Gnostic movement which thrived in Southern Europe, particularly in northern Italy and southern France, between the 12th and 14th centuries. Denounced as a heretical sect by the Catholic Church, its followers were attacked first by the Albigensian Crusade and later by the Medieval Inquisition, which eradicated the sect by 1350. Around 1 million were slaughtered, hanged, or burnt at the stake.

Followers were known as Cathars or Albigensians, after the French city Albi where the movement first took hold, but referred to themselves as Good Christians. They famously believed that there were not one, but two Gods—the good God of Heaven and the evil god of this age (2 Corinthians 4:4). According to tradition, Cathars believed that the good God was the God of the New Testament faith and creator of the spiritual realm. Many Cathars identified the evil god as Satan, the master of the physical world. The Cathars believed that human souls were the sexless spirits of angels trapped in the material realm of the evil god. They thought these souls were destined to be reincarnated until they achieved salvation through the "consolamentum", a form of baptism performed when death is imminent. At that moment, they believed they would return to the good God as "Cathar Perfect".


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